Project().To<T>: Lightweight mapper

Found this very cool code today:

http://www.devtrends.co.uk/blog/stop-using-automapper-in-your-data-access-code

// This is the kind of projection code that we are replacing

//var students = from s in context.Students
//               select new StudentSummary
//                          {
//                              FirstName = s.FirstName,
//                              LastName = s.LastName,
//                              TutorName = s.Tutor.Name,
//                              CoursesCount = s.Courses.Count
//                          };


// The line below performs exactly the same query as the code above.

var students = context.Students.Project().To<StudentSummary>();

Which is all down to the following code:

public static class QueryableExtensions
{
    public static ProjectionExpression<TSource> Project<TSource>(this IQueryable<TSource> source)
    {
        return new ProjectionExpression<TSource>(source);
    }
}

public class ProjectionExpression<TSource>
{
    private static readonly Dictionary<string, Expression> ExpressionCache = new Dictionary<string, Expression>();

    private readonly IQueryable<TSource> _source;

    public ProjectionExpression(IQueryable<TSource> source)
    {
        _source = source;
    }

    public IQueryable<TDest> To<TDest>()
    {
         var queryExpression = GetCachedExpression<TDest>() ?? BuildExpression<TDest>();

        return _source.Select(queryExpression);
    }        

    private static Expression<Func<TSource, TDest>> GetCachedExpression<TDest>()
    {
        var key = GetCacheKey<TDest>();

        return ExpressionCache.ContainsKey(key) ? ExpressionCache[key] as Expression<Func<TSource, TDest>> : null;
    }

    private static Expression<Func<TSource, TDest>> BuildExpression<TDest>()
    {
        var sourceProperties = typeof(TSource).GetProperties();
        var destinationProperties = typeof(TDest).GetProperties().Where(dest => dest.CanWrite);
        var parameterExpression = Expression.Parameter(typeof(TSource), "src");
        
        var bindings = destinationProperties
                            .Select(destinationProperty => BuildBinding(parameterExpression, destinationProperty, sourceProperties))
                            .Where(binding => binding != null);

        var expression = Expression.Lambda<Func<TSource, TDest>>(Expression.MemberInit(Expression.New(typeof(TDest)), bindings), parameterExpression);

        var key = GetCacheKey<TDest>();

        ExpressionCache.Add(key, expression);

        return expression;
    }        

    private static MemberAssignment BuildBinding(Expression parameterExpression, MemberInfo destinationProperty, IEnumerable<PropertyInfo> sourceProperties)
    {
        var sourceProperty = sourceProperties.FirstOrDefault(src => src.Name == destinationProperty.Name);

        if (sourceProperty != null)
        {
            return Expression.Bind(destinationProperty, Expression.Property(parameterExpression, sourceProperty));
        }

        var propertyNames = SplitCamelCase(destinationProperty.Name);

        if (propertyNames.Length == 2)
        {
            sourceProperty = sourceProperties.FirstOrDefault(src => src.Name == propertyNames[0]);

            if (sourceProperty != null)
            {
                var sourceChildProperty = sourceProperty.PropertyType.GetProperties().FirstOrDefault(src => src.Name == propertyNames[1]);

                if (sourceChildProperty != null)
                {
                    return Expression.Bind(destinationProperty, Expression.Property(Expression.Property(parameterExpression, sourceProperty), sourceChildProperty));
                }
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    private static string GetCacheKey<TDest>()
    {
        return string.Concat(typeof(TSource).FullName, typeof(TDest).FullName);
    }

    private static string[] SplitCamelCase(string input)
    {
        return Regex.Replace(input, "([A-Z])", " $1", RegexOptions.Compiled).Trim().Split(' ');
    }
}